这篇文章主要介绍了关系型数据库之信息模式数据库详细讲解,本篇文章通过简要的案例,讲解了该项技术的了解与使用,以下就是详细内容,需要的朋友可以参考下
1. 概述
信息模式数据库跟性能模式一样,都是关系型数据库自带的信息数据库。其中性能模式用于性能分析,而信息模式用于存储数据库元数据(关于数据的数据),例如数据库名、表名、列的数据类型、访问权限等。
信息模式中的表实际上是视图,而不是基本表,因此,文件系统上没有与之相关的文件。
关系型数据库使用信息模式
读取表信息以完成表名和列名
您可以关闭这个特性,以便用构成动植物的古名或拉丁化的现代名更快地启动
数据库已更改
关系型数据库显示表格;
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|表格信息模式|
-
|字符集|
|归类|
|归类_字符集_适用性|
|列|
|列特权|
引擎|
|事件|
|文件|
|全局状态|
|全局变量|
| KEY_COLUMN_USAGE |
|优化程序_跟踪|
|参数|
分区|
|插件|
|进程列表|
|剖析|
|引用约束|
|惯例|
图式
|模式特权|
|会话状态|
|会话变量|
统计数据|
|表格|
|表空间|
|表约束|
|表格_权限|
|触发器|
|用户权限|
|视图|
| INNODB_LOCKS |
| TRX创新数据库|
| INNODB_SYS_DATAFILES |
| INNODB_FT_CONFIG |
| INNODB_SYS_VIRTUAL |
| INNODB_CMP |
| INNODB_FT_BEING_DELETED |
| INNODB_CMP_RESET |
| INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX |
| INNODB_CMPMEM_RESET |
| INNODB_FT_DELETED |
| INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE_LRU |
| INNODB_LOCK_WAITS |
| INNODB_TEMP_TABLE_INFO |
| INNODB_SYS_INDEXES |
| INNODB_SYS_TABLES |
| INNODB_SYS_FIELDS |
| INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX_RESET |
| INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE |
| INNODB_FT_DEFAULT_STOPWORD |
| INNODB_FT_INDEX_TABLE |
| INNODB_FT_INDEX_CACHE |
| INNODB_SYS_TABLESPACES |
| INNODB_METRICS |
| INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN_COLS |
| INNODB_CMPMEM |
| INNODB_BUFFER_POOL_STATS |
| INNODB_SYS_COLUMNS |
| INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN |
| INNODB_SYS_TABLESTATS |
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集合中有61行(0.00秒)
2. information_schema 库中常用的表
CHARACTER_SETS 表提供了关系型数据库可用字符集的信息显示字符集;命令从这个表获取结果。
关系型数据库显示字符集;
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|字符集|描述|默认归类最大长度
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| big5 | Big5繁体中文| big5 _中文_ci | 2 |
十二月八日西欧语12月8日瑞典语_ci | 1 |
| cp850 | DOS西欧| cp850_general_ci | 1 |
.
| eucjpms | UJIS for Windows日语| eucjpms_japanese_ci | 3 |
| gb18030 |中国国家标准GB18030 | gb18030 _中文_ci | 4 |
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集合中有41行(0.07秒)
MySQL SELECT * FROM CHARACTER _ SETS;
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| CHARACTER _ SET _ NAME | DEFAULT _ COLLATE _ NAME |描述最大长度
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| big5 | big5_chinese_ci | Big5繁体中文| 2 |
十月八日瑞典语_ci | DEC西欧语| 1 |
| cp850 | cp850_general_ci | DOS西欧| 1 |
.
| euc jpms | euc jpms _ Japanese _ ci | UJIS for Windows日语| 3 |
gb18030 | gb18030 _中文_ci |中国国家标准GB18030 | 4 |
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集合中有41行(0.00秒)
SCHEMATA 表当前关系型数据库实例中所有数据库的信息显示数据库;命令从这个表获取数据。
mysql SELECT * FROM SCHEMATA
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|目录名|架构名|默认字符集名|默认排序规则名| SQL路径|
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| def | information _ schema | utf8 | utf8 _ general _ ci | NULL |
| def | MySQL | latin1 | latin1 _ Swedish _ ci | NULL |
| def | performance _ schema | utf8 | utf8 _ general _ ci | NULL |
| def | sys | utf8 | utf8 _ general _ ci | NULL |
| def | test | utf8 | utf8 _ unicode _ ci | NULL |
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一组10行(0.00秒)
关系型数据库显示数据库;
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|数据库|
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|信息模式|
| mysql |
|性能模式|
|系统|
测试|
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一组10行(0.00秒)
TABLES 表存储数据库中的表信息(包括视图),包括表属于哪个数据库,表的类型、存储引擎、创建时间等信息显示xx中的表;命令从这个表获取结果。
mysql SELECT * FROM TABLES
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|表目录|表架构|表名称|表类型|引擎|版本|行格式|表行| AVG行长度|数据长度|最大数据长度|索引长度|数据自由|自动增量|创建时间|更新时间|检查时间|表排序规则|校验和|创建选项|表注释|
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| def | information _ schema | CHARACTER _ SETS | SYSTEM VIEW | MEMORY | 10 | Fixed | NULL | 384 | 0 | 16434816 | 0 | 0 | NULL | 2018-04-23 11:51:32 | NULL | NULL | utf8 _ general _ ci | NULL | max _ rows=43690 | |
| def |信息模式|排序规则|系统视图|内存| 10 |固定| NULL | 231 | 0 | 16704765 | 0 | 0 | NULL | 2018-04-23 11:51:32 | NULL | NULL | utf8 _ general _ ci | NULL | max _ rows=72628 | |
.
| def |禅涛| ZT _用户TPL |基表| MyISAM | 10 |动态| 0 | 0 | 0 | 281474976710655 | 1024 | 0 | 1 | 2017-08-16 16:36:45 | 2017-08-16 16:36:45 | NULL | utf8 _ general _ ci | NULL | | ||
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集合中有525行(3.03秒)
关系型数据库显示来自曾涛的表格;
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| Tables_in_zentao |
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| zt_action |
| zt_block |
| zt_branch |
.
| zt_usertpl |
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集合中有48行(0.00秒)
COLUMNS 表存储表中的列信息,包括表有多少列、每个列的类型等显示schemaname.tablename中的列命令从这个表获取结果。
mysql SELECT * FROM列限制为2,5;
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| TABLE _ CATALOG | TABLE _ SCHEMA | TABLE _ NAME | COLUMN _ NAME | ORDINAL _ POSITION | COLUMN _ DEFAULT | IS _ NULLABLE | DATA _ TYPE | CHARACTER _ MAXIMUM _ LENGTH | CHARACTER _ OCTET _ LENGTH | NUMERIC _ PRECISION | NUMERIC _ SCALE | DATETIME _ PRECISION | CHARACTER _ SET _ NAME | COLLATION _ NAME | COLUMN _ TYPE | COLUMN _ KEY | EXTRA | PRIVILEGES | COLUMN _ COMMENT | GENERATION _ EXPRESSION |
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| def | information _ schema | CHARACTER _ SETS | DESCRIPTION | 3 | | NO | varchar | 60 | 180 | NULL | NULL | NULL | utf8 | utf8 _ general _ ci | varchar(60)| | | select | | |
| def | information _ schema | CHARACTER _ SETS | MAXLEN | 4 | 0 | NO | bigint | NULL | NULL | 19 | 0 | NULL | NULL | NULL | bigint(3)| | | select | | |
| def | information _ schema | COLLATIONS | COLLATION _ NAME | 1 | | NO | varchar | 32 | 96 | NULL | NULL | NULL | utf8 | utf8 _ general _ ci | varchar(32)| | | select | | |
| def | information _ schema | COLLATIONS | CHARACTER _ SET _ NAME | 2 | | NO | varchar | 32 | 96 | NULL | NULL | NULL | utf8 | utf8 _ general _ ci | varchar(32)| | | select | | |
| def | information _ schema | COLLATIONS | ID | 3 | 0 | NO | bigint | NULL | NULL | 19 | 0 | NULL | NULL | NULL | bigint(11)| | | select | | |
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一组5行(0.08秒)
STATISTICS 表表索引的信息显示schemaname.tablename中的索引;命令从这个表获取结果。
关系型数据库显示来自深圳用户的索引;
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| Table | Non _ unique | Key _ name | Seq _ in _ Index | Column _ name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub _ part | Packed | Null | Index _ type | Comment | Index _ Comment |
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| users | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | UserID | A | 1460 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
|用户| 0 | Account _ index | 1 | Account | A | 1460 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| users | 1 | CorpID | 1 | FromID | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | |
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集合中的3行(0.00秒)
USER_PRIVILEGES 表用户权限表。内容源自mysql.user授权表。是非标准表。
MySQL SELECT * FROM USER _ PRIVILEGES;
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被授予者|表目录|特权类型|可授予
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| mysql.sys@localhost | def |用法|否|
| root@% | def | SELECT | YES |
| root@% | def | INSERT | YES |
| root@% | def | UPDATE | YES |
| root@% | def | DELETE | YES |
| root@% | def | CREATE | YES |
| root@% | def | DROP | YES |
| root@% | def | RELOAD | YES |
| root@% | def | SHUTDOWN | YES |
| root@% | def | PROCESS | YES |
| root@% | def | FILE | YES |
| root @ % | def | REFERENCES | YES |
| 根@% | def | INDEX | YES |
| root@% | def | ALTER | YES |
| 根 @% | def |显示数据库|是|
| root@% | def | SUPER | YES |
| 根 @% | def |创建临时表|是|
| 根 @% | def |锁定表|是|
| root@% | def | EXECUTE | YES |
| 根 @% | def |复制从属|是|
| 根 @% | def |复制客户端|是|
| 根@“%”| def |创建视图|是|
| root@% | def | SHOW VIEW | YES |
| 根@“%”| def |创建例程|是|
| 根 @% | def | ALTER例程|是|
| 根 @% | def |创建用户|是|
| root@% | def | EVENT | YES |
| root@% | def | TRIGGER | YES |
| 根 @% | def |创建表空间|是|
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集合中有29行(0.00秒)
SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES 表方案权限表。给出了关于方案(数据库)权限的信息。内容来自mysql.db授权表。是非标准表。
MySQL SELECT * FROM SCHEMA _ PRIVILEGES;
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|被授权者|表目录|表架构|特权类型|是可授予|
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| MySQL。sys @ localhost“| def | sys | TRIGGER | NO |
| root @ % | def | MySQL | SELECT | YES |
| root @ % | def | MySQL | INSERT | YES |
| root @ % | def | MySQL | UPDATE | YES |
| root @ % | def | MySQL | DELETE | YES |
| root @ % | def | MySQL | CREATE | YES |
| root @ % | def | MySQL | DROP | YES |
| root @ % | def | MySQL | REFERENCES | YES |
| root @ % | def | MySQL | INDEX | YES |
| root @ % | def | MySQL | ALTER | YES |
| root@% | def | mysql |创建临时表|是|
| root@% | def | mysql |锁表|是|
| root @ % | def | MySQL | EXECUTE | YES |
| root@% | def | mysql |创建视图|是|
| root@% | def | mysql |显示视图|是|
| root@% | def | mysql |创建例程|是|
| root @ % | def | MySQL | ALTER ROUTINE | YES |
| root @ % | def | MySQL | EVENT | YES |
| root @ % | def | MySQL | TRIGGER | YES |
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--------------+19 rows in set (0.00 sec)TABLE_PRIVILEGES 表表权限表。给出了关于表权限的信息。内容源自 mysql.tables_priv 授权表。是非标准表。
mysql> SELECT * FROM TABLE_PRIVILEGES;+-------------------------+---------------+--------------+------------+----------------+--------------+| GRANTEE | TABLE_CATALOG | TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_NAME | PRIVILEGE_TYPE | IS_GRANTABLE |+-------------------------+---------------+--------------+------------+----------------+--------------+| mysql.sys@localhost | def | sys | sys_config | SELECT | NO |+-------------------------+---------------+--------------+------------+----------------+--------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)COLUMN_PRIVILEGES 表列权限表。给出了关于列权限的信息。内容源自 mysql.columns_priv 授权表。是非标准表。
mysql> SELECT * FROM COLUMN_PRIVILEGES;Empty set (0.00 sec)COLLATIONS 表提供了关于各字符集的对照信息。SHOW COLLATION; 命令从这个表获取结果。
mysql> SELECT * FROM COLLATIONS;+--------------------------+--------------------+-----+------------+-------------+---------+| COLLATION_NAME | CHARACTER_SET_NAME | ID | IS_DEFAULT | IS_COMPILED | SORTLEN |+--------------------------+--------------------+-----+------------+-------------+---------+| big5_chinese_ci | big5 | 1 | Yes | Yes | 1 || big5_bin | big5 | 84 | | Yes | 1 || dec8_swedish_ci | dec8 | 3 | Yes | Yes | 1 || dec8_bin | dec8 | 69 | | Yes | 1 |...| gb18030_bin | gb18030 | 249 | | Yes | 1 || gb18030_unicode_520_ci | gb18030 | 250 | | Yes | 8 |+--------------------------+--------------------+-----+------------+-------------+---------+222 rows in set (0.03 sec)COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY 表指明了可用于校对的字符集。相当于 SHOW COLLATION 命令结果的前两个字段。
mysql> SELECT * FROM COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY;+--------------------------+--------------------+| COLLATION_NAME | CHARACTER_SET_NAME |+--------------------------+--------------------+| big5_chinese_ci | big5 || big5_bin | big5 || dec8_swedish_ci | dec8 |...| gb18030_bin | gb18030 || gb18030_unicode_520_ci | gb18030 |+--------------------------+--------------------+222 rows in set (0.00 sec)TABLE_CONSTRAINTS 表描述了存在约束的表。以及表的约束类型。
mysql> SELECT * FROM TABLE_CONSTRAINTS;+--------------------+-------------------+--------------------+--------------+---------------------------+-----------------+| CONSTRAINT_CATALOG | CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA | CONSTRAINT_NAME | TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_NAME | CONSTRAINT_TYPE |+--------------------+-------------------+--------------------+--------------+---------------------------+-----------------+| def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | columns_priv | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | db | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | engine_cost | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | event | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | func | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | gtid_executed | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | help_category | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | name | mysql | help_category | UNIQUE || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | help_keyword | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | name | mysql | help_keyword | UNIQUE || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | help_relation | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | help_topic | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | name | mysql | help_topic | UNIQUE || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | innodb_index_stats | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | innodb_table_stats | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | ndb_binlog_index | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | plugin | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | proc | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | procs_priv | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | proxies_priv | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | server_cost | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | servers | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | slave_master_info | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | slave_relay_log_info | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | slave_worker_info | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | tables_priv | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | time_zone | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | time_zone_leap_second | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | time_zone_name | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | time_zone_transition | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | time_zone_transition_type | PRIMARY KEY || def | mysql | PRIMARY | mysql | user | PRIMARY KEY || def | sys | PRIMARY | sys | sys_config | PRIMARY KEY || def | zentao | PRIMARY | zentao | zt_action | PRIMARY KEY |...| def | zentao | account | zentao | zt_usergroup | UNIQUE || def | zentao | PRIMARY | zentao | zt_userquery | PRIMARY KEY || def | zentao | PRIMARY | zentao | zt_usertpl | PRIMARY KEY |+--------------------+-------------------+--------------------+--------------+---------------------------+-----------------+213 rows in set (0.37 sec)KEY_COLUMN_USAGE 表描述了具有约束的键列。
mysql> SELECT * FROM KEY_COLUMN_USAGE;+--------------------+-------------------+--------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------------------+--------------------+------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------+------------------------+| CONSTRAINT_CATALOG | CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA | CONSTRAINT_NAME | TABLE_CATALOG | TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_NAME | COLUMN_NAME | ORDINAL_POSITION | POSITION_IN_UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT | REFERENCED_TABLE_SCHEMA | REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME | REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME |+--------------------+-------------------+--------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------------------+--------------------+------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------+------------------------+| def | mysql | PRIMARY | def | mysql | columns_priv | Host | 1 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL || def | mysql | PRIMARY | def | mysql | columns_priv | Db | 2 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL || def | mysql | PRIMARY | def | mysql | columns_priv | User | 3 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL || def | mysql | PRIMARY | def | mysql | columns_priv | Table_name | 4 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL || def | mysql | PRIMARY | def | mysql | columns_priv | Column_name | 5 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |...| def | mysql | PRIMARY | def | mysql | time_zone_leap_second | Transition_time | 1 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL || def | mysql | PRIMARY | def | mysql | time_zone_name | Name | 1 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL || def | mysql | PRIMARY | def | mysql | time_zone_transition | Time_zone_id | 1 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL || def | mysql | PRIMARY | def | mysql | time_zone_transition | Transition_time | 2 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL || def | mysql | PRIMARY | def | mysql | time_zone_transition_type | Time_zone_id | 1 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL || def | mysql | PRIMARY | def | mysql | time_zone_transition_type | Transition_type_id | 2 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL || def | mysql | PRIMARY | def | mysql | user | Host | 1 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL || def | mysql | PRIMARY | def | mysql | user | User | 2 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL || def | sys | PRIMARY | def | sys | sys_config | variable | 1 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL |+--------------------+-------------------+--------------------+---------------+--------------+---------------------------+--------------------+------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------------------+------------------------+278 rows in set (0.03 sec)ROUTINES 表提供了关于存储子程序(存储程序和函数)的信息。此时,ROUTINES 表不包含自定义函数(UDF)。名为“mysql.proc name”的列指明了对应于 INFORMATION_SCHEMA.ROUTINES 表的 mysql.proc 列。
VIEWS 表给出了关于数据库中的视图的信息。需要有 show views 权限,否则无法查看视图信息。
mysql> SELECT * FROM VIEWS LIMIT 1G*************************** 1. row *************************** TABLE_CATALOG: def TABLE_SCHEMA: sys TABLE_NAME: host_summary VIEW_DEFINITION: select if(isnull(`performance_schema`.`accounts`.`HOST`),background,`performance_schema`.`accounts`.`HOST`) AS `host`,sum(`stmt`.`total`) AS `statements`,`sys`.`format_time`(sum(`stmt`.`total_latency`)) AS `statement_latency`,`sys`.`format_time`(ifnull((sum(`stmt`.`total_latency`) / nullif(sum(`stmt`.`total`),0)),0)) AS `statement_avg_latency`,sum(`stmt`.`full_scans`) AS `table_scans`,sum(`io`.`ios`) AS `file_ios`,`sys`.`format_time`(sum(`io`.`io_latency`)) AS `file_io_latency`,sum(`performance_schema`.`accounts`.`CURRENT_CONNECTIONS`) AS `current_connections`,sum(`performance_schema`.`accounts`.`TOTAL_CONNECTIONS`) AS `total_connections`,count(distinct `performance_schema`.`accounts`.`USER`) AS `unique_users`,`sys`.`format_bytes`(sum(`mem`.`current_allocated`)) AS `current_memory`,`sys`.`format_bytes`(sum(`mem`.`total_allocated`)) AS `total_memory_allocated` from (((`performance_schema`.`accounts` join `sys`.`x$host_summary_by_statement_latency` `stmt` on((`performance_schema`.`accounts`.`HOST` = `stmt`.`host`))) join `sys`.`x$host_summary_by_file_io` `io` on((`performance_schema`.`accounts`.`HOST` = `io`.`host`))) join `sys`.`x$memory_by_host_by_current_bytes` `mem` on((`performance_schema`.`accounts`.`HOST` = `mem`.`host`))) group by if(isnull(`performance_schema`.`accounts`.`HOST`),background,`performance_schema`.`accounts`.`HOST`) CHECK_OPTION: NONE IS_UPDATABLE: NO DEFINER: mysql.sys@localhost SECURITY_TYPE: INVOKERCHARACTER_SET_CLIENT: utf8COLLATION_CONNECTION: utf8_general_ci1 row in set (0.03 sec)TRIGGERS 表提供了关于触发程序的信息。必须有 super 权限才能查看该表。
mysql> SELECT * FROM TRIGGERS LIMIT 1G*************************** 1. row *************************** TRIGGER_CATALOG: def TRIGGER_SCHEMA: sys TRIGGER_NAME: sys_config_insert_set_user EVENT_MANIPULATION: INSERT EVENT_OBJECT_CATALOG: def EVENT_OBJECT_SCHEMA: sys EVENT_OBJECT_TABLE: sys_config ACTION_ORDER: 1 ACTION_CONDITION: NULL ACTION_STATEMENT: BEGIN IF @sys.ignore_sys_config_triggers != true AND NEW.set_by IS NULL THEN SET NEW.set_by = USER(); END IF; END ACTION_ORIENTATION: ROW ACTION_TIMING: BEFOREACTION_REFERENCE_OLD_TABLE: NULLACTION_REFERENCE_NEW_TABLE: NULL ACTION_REFERENCE_OLD_ROW: OLD ACTION_REFERENCE_NEW_ROW: NEW CREATED: 2017-05-27 11:18:43.60 SQL_MODE: DEFINER: mysql.sys@localhost CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT: utf8 COLLATION_CONNECTION: utf8_general_ci DATABASE_COLLATION: utf8_general_ci1 row in set (0.00 sec)到此这篇关于MySQL之information_schema数据库详细讲解的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关MySQL之information_schema数据库内容请搜索我们以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持我们!